Diffusional kurtosis imaging is an advanced diffusion mri method that yields, in addition to conventional diffusion information, the diffusional kurtosis, which may help improve characterization of tissue microstructure. Diffusion kurtosis imaging estimator file exchange. This study aimed to assess the longitudinal brain microstructural changes in traumatic brain injury in the rat using diffusional kurtosis imaging. Diffusion kurtosis imaging estimator file exchange matlab. Diffusion kurtosis imaging dki is a recent imaging method that probes the diffusion of water molecules.
It provides a high order diffusion of water distribution and analyzes and also quantifies the diffusion restriction. Free diffusion einstein showed that the displacement of water molecules in an open body of water. Diffusion kurtosis imaging dki is an advanced technique that might help to overcome current limitations of dwi. Diffusion kurtosis imaging in patients with locally. These functions are a simple implementation of the algorithm presented by tabesh et al. What is the best program for analyzing diffusion tensor. Our group is committed on contributing developed software to the scientific community by making it freely available on github, and the open source proiect mrtrix artifact correction. Or whether you are thinking of doing tractography with it or not. Diffusional kurtosis estimator dke is a software tool for postprocessing diffusional kurtosis imaging dki datasets that includes a suite of commandline programs along with a graphical user interface gui. Nevertheless, our scientific community still faces challenges in trying to understand the concepts that define the underlying mechanisms of. Microstructural abnormalities in gray matter of patients. Diffusion kurtosis imaging dki is an advanced neuroimaging modality which is an extension of diffusion tensor imaging by estimating the kurtosis skewed distribution of water diffusion based on a probability distribution function. In 2011, we began our investigation into the detection of microstructural changes that occur in both the white matter wm and gray matter gm of the developing pediatric brain using an mri diffusion technique called diffusional kurtosis imaging dki. All metrics were obtained using dki software on the functool.
The diffusional kurtosis estimator dke is software for processing diffusional kurtosis imaging dki data. Diffusion kurtosis imaging of the liver at 3 tesla. The center for biomedical imaging would like to acknoledge ali tabesh, ph. Diffusionweighted images were processed using inhouse software diffusional kurtosis estimator 24 implemented in matlab. It should be compatible with any matlab version after 2014, and it can.
Issues related to the signaltonoise ratio led to our selection of different section thicknesses for diffusion kurtosis imaging and dt imaging, and the rois were inevitably different. Diffusional kurtosis imaging college of medicine musc. Camino camino is a free, opensource software package for simulation, analysis and reconstruction of diffus. Diffusion kurtosis imaging dki is an extension of diffusion tensor imaging dti. A new diffusion metric, diffusion kurtosis imaging, used in the serial examination of a patient with stroke. Diffusional kurtosis imaging dki is a new type diffusionweighted sequence which measures the nongaussianity of water diffusion.
Simply select your manager software from the list below and click on download. Diffusional kurtosis imaging is a clinically feasible method that has the potential to provide new information on the brain tissue microstructure that is provided by conventional diffusion weighted imaging and dti metrics. Medical image analysis software market report published by value market research is an indepth analysis of the market covering its size, share, value, growth and current trends for the period of. Longitudinal microstructural changes in traumatic brain. Diffusion kurtosis imaging for diagnosis of parkinsons. Diffusion kurtosis imaging provides independent and complementary. Diffusional kurtosis imaging in hydrocephalus sciencedirect. Diffusional kurtosis imaging dki is a new technique based on nongaussian water diffusion analysis. It should be compatible with any matlab version after 2014, and it can be easily adapted to at least 2012 by uncommenting a line. Diffusion kurtosis imaging radiology reference article. The diffusion coefficient and diffusional kurtosis can both be measured directly and predicted based on the corresponding diffusion parameters of. Diffusional kurtosis imaging dki was performed in 19 patients with phn and in 19 age and gendermatched healthy controls. Brain imaging diffusional kurtosis imaging youtube.
Future diffusion kurtosis imaging studies might include combination of neurological tests for ms lesion locations. To detect microstructural abnormalities in myalgic encephalomyelitis me chronic fatigue syndrome cfs patients by using dki and noddi metrics. Effects of diffusional kurtosis imaging parameters on. Information regarding diffusional kurtosis imaging at the center for biomedical.
We cannot exclude the presence of small effects when performing a direct comparison. Diffusional kurtosis imaging is an extension of dti but includes nongaussian diffusion effects, allowing more comprehensive characterization of microstructural changes during brain development. Parameters of diffusional kurtosis imaging for the. Reduced microstructural lateralization in males with chronic schizophrenia. The purpose of this explorative study was to investigate whether diffusion tensor imaging dti and diffusion kurtosis imaging dki parameter changes are reliable measures of white matter integrity changes in alzheimers disease ad patients. Diffusion kurtosis imaging of microstructural alterations. Diffusion kurtosis imaging for diagnosis of parkinsons disease. It may be useful for assessing tissue structure abnormalities associated with a variety of neuropathologies. A simple isotropic phantom for diffusional kurtosis imaging. Maps of axial kurtosis k, mean kurtosis mk, radial kurtosis k.
Animal models have been studied as well using diffusional kurtosis imaging 10,11,22,33,43,72,73. Evaluation by diffusional kurtosis imaging and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging. Accordingly, measurement of diffusional nongaussianity i. Brain abnormalities in myalgic encephalomyelitischronic. Brain abnormalities in myalgic encephalomyelitischronic fatigue syndrome. Characterization of breast tumors using diffusion kurtosis. Dke currently supports 32 and 64bit windows platforms. The objective was to investigate the capabilities of diffusional kurtosis imaging dki in detection of agerelated white matter wm changes in elderly patients with leukoaraiosis. Estimation of diffusion and kurtosis model parameters, including the white matter tract integrity metrics, using diffusion kurtosis imaging. Role of diffusional kurtosis imaging in grading of brain. Diffusion kurtosis imaging dki is an advanced neuroimaging modality which is an.
Diffusional kurtosis estimator dke is a software tool for postprocessing diffusional kurtosis imaging dki datasets that includes a suite of commandline. Dke generates a set of kurtosis axial, mean, radial parametric maps with a. Diffusional kurtosis imaging analysis in patients with hypertension article pdf available in japanese journal of radiology 322 january 2014 with 116 reads how we measure reads. The actual definition of kurtosis and how to draw k0 versus k software. Diffusional kurtosis imaging of the developing brain. Diffusional kurtosis imaging dki and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging noddi metrics provide more specific information regarding pathological changes than diffusion tensor imaging dti. To compare standard diffusionweighted dw imaging and diffusion kurtosis dk imaging for prostate cancer pc detection and characterization in a large patient cohort, with attention to the potential added value of dk imaging. Standard diffusion weighted imaging dwi methods have incorporated einsteins original concept that the diffusion water molecules follows a gaussian. Diffusional kurtosis imaging dki enables sensitive measurement of tissue microstructure by quantifying the nongaussian diffusion of water molecules.
Diffusional kurtosis imaging dki is a relatively new imaging method based on the diffusion properties of water molecules, which aims to describe the nongaussian aspect of water diffusion,14,15. It allows the mapping of the diffusion process of molecules, mainly water, in biological tissues, in vivo and noninvasively. Diffusional kurtosis imaging of the corpus callosum in. Department of radiology, center for biomedical imaging, new york, ny 10016, usa.
Stroke assessment with diffusional kurtosis imaging stroke. Mk maps were calculated using inhouse developed software and fsl suite jenkinson et al. Diffusion kurtosis imaging questions and answers in mri. Functional techniques like diffusionweighted imaging dwi are gaining more and more importance in liver magnetic resonance imaging mri. The present study aimed to investigate whether the parameters of dki could distinguish between differences in water molecule diffusion in various brain regions. The purpose of this article is to introduce and discuss the ongoing research and potential clinical applications of this technique. The correction of the different types of artifacts gibbs ringing, epi distortion, eddy current distortion, motion, etc as well as noise is necessary for an accurate, precise and robust estimation of diffusion. If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Diffusion kurtosis imaging of microstructural changes in. Comparative analysis of the value of diffusion kurtosis. Diffusion kurtosis imaging dki is an advanced magnetic resonance imaging modality that is known to be sensitive to changes in the underlying. However, the original dki protocol six b values and 30 motionprobing gradient mpg directions requires more than 10 min of scanning time, which is too long for daily clinical use.
Our purpose was to use diffusional kurtosis imaging to measure agerelated microstructural changes in both the wm and gm of the developing human brain. The neurochemical and microstructural changes in the brain. What is the best program for analyzing diffusion tensor imaging data. Cureus white matter evaluation in multiple sclerosis. This tool also provides an approach that characterizes two important measures. Whereas diffusion tensor imaging dti models the diffusion as a 3d gaussian function, dki takes it one step further by additionally quantifying the degree of nongaussian diffusion. The dki software is a research tool in the functool environment developed by ge applied science lab. Reduced microstructural lateralization in males with.
Human embryology and development is indeed one of the most if not the most fascinating subjects in the field of biological sciences. Diffusional kurtosis imaging was performed in a group of 5 rats at preinjury and 3, 14, and 28 days after traumatic brain injury. Diffusional kurtosis imaging and a twocompartment model suggest reduced axonal caliber of largediameter axons in the mid and posterior regions of the corpus callosum in young male adults with asd without id, which may result in atypical integration of neural signals across brain regions manifesting in impaired processing speed. Diffusion kurtosis imaging is an emerging technique based on the nongaussian diffusion of water in biologic systems. The developed software tool implements the dki method from the dwi images by obtaining information at voxel level of diffusional coefficients and diffusional kurtosis. Usage or distribution of the software for commercial purpose is prohibited. Performances of diffusion kurtosis imaging and diffusion tensor. Diffusional kurtosis imaging of normalappearing white matter in multiple sclerosis. Our purpose was to use diffusional kurtosis imaging to measure agerelated microstructural changes in both the wm and gm of the developing human. In this retrospective study, dki and dwi data for 61 patients with endometrial cancer and 30 patients with a normal endometrium were analyzed, and the mean kurtosis mk, mean diffusion coefficient md and. Diffusionweighted magnetic resonance imaging dwi or dwmri is the use of specific mri sequences as well as software that generates images from the resulting data that uses the diffusion of water molecules to generate contrast in mr images.
Diffusion kurtosis imaging with free water elimination. Pdf diffusional kurtosis imaging analysis in patients. Gehad abdalla, eser sanverdi, pedro m machado, joey s w kwong, jasmina panovskagriffiths, antonio rojasgarcia, daisuke yoneoka, tarek yousry, sotirios bisdas, role of diffusional kurtosis imaging in grading of brain gliomas. Diffusion parameter estimation with gibbs and noise removal designer is an imageprocessing pipeline for diffusion mri data that has been developed to identify and correct various specific artifacts and confounding factors for an improved accuracy, precision, and robustness in diffusion mri analysis. This study evaluated and compared the performances of diffusion kurtosis imaging dki and diffusionweighted imaging dwi for diagnosing and histologically grading endometrial cancer. We aimed to find suitable b value, mpg direction, and diffusion time settings for faster dki. Diffusional kurtosis imaging is an advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging method that yields, in addition to conventional diffusion information, nongaussian diffusion effects, which may allow a more comprehensive characterization of tissue microstructure.
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